author(s)
Mohammed Ahmed Mohammad Al-Jubouri, Othman Abdullatif Jassim Al-Azzawi and Munqith Ibrahim Saleh Al-Jubouri

abstract
The research aims to demonstrate the importance of trade openness policy on economic growth and to measure and analyze the impact of trade openness on Turkey's economic growth for the period 1990-2022. Using the (ARDL) model, based on the hypothesis that there is a significant positive impact of the trade openness variable on Turkey's economic growth, where growth is represented by GDP per capita, while exports of goods and services, in addition to imports as a percentage of GDP, represent trade openness. The importance of this research stems from the significance of trade openness in modern economies since the last decade of the last century and its impact on the economic growth of various countries, including Turkey, the subject of the study. The study concluded with a number of results and recommendations, the most notable of which was proving that the variable of trade openness has a positive and significant impact on economic growth in Turkey in both the short and long term during the study period. The study also recommended enhancing and encouraging growth and its sources, exploiting its advantages by diversifying and increasing the industrial base, and supporting high-value and export-oriented sectors to create a trade surplus and boost local trade.