author(s)
Israrullah Yousafzai, RA Yeledhalli and JS Sonnad

abstract
The present study is attempt to reveal the export performance of pistachios from Afghanistan, The Compound Annual Growth Rate and Cuddy Della Valle Index were employed to analyze the data for the considered period of the study. The secondary data for exports of pistachios to different countries in the context of quantity and value was collected for the period of 2010-11 to 2020-21. The highest average share in term of quantity and value were for India 70.95 and 75.68 percent followed by Turkey 9.88 and 9.77 percent respectively. The growth rate of exports in term of quantity and value were 7.91 and 7.84 percent per annum with their average export of 2069 metric tonnes and 22883.42 thousand US dollars respectively. In case of country wise exports Lebanon registered the highest growth rate 42.28 percent per annum, followed by Turkey and UAE 39.54 and 15.34 percent per annum respectively. The most stable market for pistachios was India with the instability rate of 37.09 percent. Exports to India increased from 886.36 to 1959.52 metric tonnes from the year 2010-11 to 2020-21 with the average exports of 1454.76 metric tonnes. Similarly, in case of value the highest average exports was to India 19025.65 thousand US dollars while, the growth rate was highest for Lebanon 60.90 percent per annum, followed by Turkey and UAE 45.6, 14.72 percent per annum respectively, Afghan pistachios only depending on few regional markets specially India and Pakistan, which exposes greater risk due to market fluctuations, Changes in economic conditions, consumer preferences, regulations, tariffs, trade agreements, government policies and geopolitical tensions in these two markets could have a significant impact on export of pistachios. Therefor there is need for government to diversify the export markets which will provide stability for pistachios exports.